kelly



I). X. KELLY.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE I7 1918. l 1 2954 Patented Aug. 12, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I- D. X. KELLY.

AEROPLANE.

' APPLICATION FILED lUNE 17. 1918.

Patented Aug. l2, 191i).

4 SHEETSwSHEET 2.

D. X. KELLY.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED IUNE I7. I9I8.

Patented Aug. 12, 1919.

4 SHEETS--SHEET 3.

D. X. KELLYI AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE I7. i918.

lafou tod All 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

projects. To this shaft 35 the levers 34 and 36 are rigidly-attached so that any movement of the 'lever 36 will be transmittedto the lever 34:.

In vorder to elevate my device, l provide a shaft 51, which is provlded with a foot lever 52 and a pair of'carn levers 53. .The ob ject of this construction is that when the foot is placed upon the lever 52, and pressed downwardly, the cam levers v53 will raise the bar 39, throwing the segment 30 into en- `gagement with the wheel 29 and placing my device in manual operation.

On the shaft 15 is mounted a lever 54, which is 'connected to a lever 55 mounted on a shaft 56. rlhis shaft 56 is rigidly connected to the tail 57 of the aeroplane by means of the sleeve 58 and the pin 59, which extends through the sleeve and the shaft. The tail stabilizer 60 is loosely mounted on the shaft 56 by means of the bearings 61 and 62. 'The side shiftingI of the tail stabilizer is prevented by means of'collars 63 and on the bearings 61 is' attached the lever 55.

Connecting the levers 54 and 55 l provide wires or rods 64:. These wires or rods are providedwith turn buckles 65; the obiect of thse turn-.buckles being to act as a slack take up between the main stabilizer and the tail stabilizer, and to adjust the stabilizers 1n the same horizontal plane.

In each main stabilizer, and secured to ther' shaft 15 l mount a weight 66. l rlhis is secured to the shaft by means of. a collar 67 having a dependent screw threaded shank 68. On this screw threaded shank 68 l provide a weight 69, which is held in any desired position on the shank by means of nuts 70. By this means l regulate the sensitive ness of the Stabilizers, as it will be readily understood that, when my device is tilted and if the weight is raised to its uppermost position, the weights controlling the sta-- bilizing planes will not be operated through as great an arc to resume their vertical position as when the weights are nearefr'the lower end of the depending shank; in other words, the stabilizing planes will respond quicker when the weight is raised .than when it is lowered.

It will, of course, be understood thateach side of the machine is provided with a main stabilizer and a stabilizer for the tail. 'lhe main stabilizer on one sideof the machine.

and the stabilizer on the tail are operated simultaneously and independently from the main stabilizer and tail stabilizer on the opposite side of the'machine. Both pairs of stabilizers and their operating means are constructed alike, and as previously described. Both pairs :of stabilizers on both sides of thc machine operate simultaneously when the :toot of the operator is removed from the foot lever 52. lnother words, both pairs of stabilizers are automatically opermaratea ated simultaneously, and are capable of being manually operated independently of each other.

lt will be further understood that the stabilizers not only perform the function of stabilizing the machine, but also act as supporting surfaces in addition to the support- Y i ing plane or planes.

The machine is steered by an ordinary i rudder 71 operated ina manner well known -to the art, and underneath the main su 3- porting planes is placed a running gearl 2 and the tail supported by a single wheel or skid 73; this construction being old and in common use in aeroplane construction, and herefore l have not described the matter in etai l The operation of my device is as follows Theooperator or. aviator having taken his seat, places one foot on the lever 52,- raising the manual stabilizer and throwing the seg- 'ment 30 -into engagement with the gear 29.

When in thisr position, by moving the levers 36 in opposite directions, the plane can be set Vor, tilted to any lateral angle desired, and especially by use of the small stabilizing planes 'at the rear of the machine. When making a nose dive or a tail spin, the operator is in `full control of the machine, and a gentle landing will be' made.

In the event thatthe operator loses control of the machine, all that lis necessary is to remove the foot from the lever 52, and the automatic control will come into action, and

again, if the operator be wounded and collapse in his seat, it is almost positive that his foot will slip off of the lever 52 thereby 4 serve the longitudinal stability of the may 'ira When the manual loperating mechanism is.` y m engagement with the gear 29, the main chme.

stabilizii'ig planes on each side 'of the machine may be operated so as to preserve the lateral stability of the machine.l The man? ual operation is for the purpose of maintain ing both longitudinal and lateral stability, l

and the gravity control is for the purposeof maintaining longitudinal stability.

While I have illustrated my invention as applied to a triplane,the principle thereof may be applied to either a mono-plane or a bi-plane. y

In the event the operator loses control et the machine while in the air, it is only necesmanually ".thereiromV 3. An aeroplane comprisingam'ainframe, j a tail frame attached to the mainframe, sup-v 'ec gravity controlled means for operatingn the relatan sary for him to remove his foot until the-automatic stabilizing apparatus has againput .the machine onto-an even plane or lreel, and then by resting his foot on the lever 52, the

manual operating means is again thrown into action.

Having' lfully 'described my invention, what l claim is LAnaeroplane comprising a main body frame and a tail fra-me, supporting planes carried by the mainbody frame, a pivoted stabilizing plane mounted adjacent to each end of the supporting planes, a stabilizing plane mounted on each side of the tailframe adjacent its rear. end,"a connectionbetween Ithe tail stabilizers and mainy stabilizers, means for manually operating .the pair of stabilizers 'onleach side of the Amachine simultaneously ,with t each other and independently from lthe pair or Y 'stabilizers j lof .cated on the opposite side of the machine,

means for placingthe manual operatingI v "mechanism in and out or connection., and

gravity controlled means for operating the stabilizers in pairs on each side of the machine. i

- 2. 'An aeroplane comprising a main body i portion provided with supporting planes and a tall portion extending in thevrear of said body portion,'a stabilizing supporting f plane mounted on each'end ci. the main body portion adjacent the supporting` planes car-4 Y ried thereby, pivoted stabilizing planes carn Vried by the-tail portion, an adjustable dem ble connection between the stabilizing1 planes carried by thetailand those carried bythe main body portion connecting them in` pairs, manually controlled means for operating,r

' one of the main stabilizers located at one end 'fao of the body portion of the machine and one of the stabilizers carried by the tail portionsimultaneously, a foot lever for operatively controlled means connecting the manuali A dy gravity controlled with the stabilizers, an

means for operating the stabilizers,When the controlled means are disengaged porting planes Afci'girried bythe main' traine,

" stabilizers pivotally mounted at the extreme .f outer edge ofthe supporting planes, stabiliz-- mg planes mounted on each, side ont the tail L Y. 4iframe and near its rearmost end,adjustable, a te flexible connections connecting the stabilizing planes on each side of the machinemin `pairs, means for manually controlling eaclipair or" stabilizers independently oi each other,

means liter engaging and disengaging the manually controlled meanaand adjustable stabilizers in pairs.

4. An aeroplane comprising supporting planes and a tail attached thereto, stabilizers attached at each vend of the supporting vend or the supporting planes,

planes, and near the rear end oi' thev tail, means for connecting the stabilizers on each side or the machine together' in pairs, manual means for operatingthe pair of stabil izers on either side of the machine inthe same direction simultaneously, means for the manual fmea'ns for operating both stabilizers on each y' side of the machine ysimultaneously with each other'and independently from the stabilizers .located on the opposite side or the .machina means for locking the stabilizers in position when manually controlled, and a foot lever for placing, the stabilizers into and out of automatic operation' vwhen desired. I

6.. An aeroplane comprising a'main-body frame anda tail frame, supporting planes planes carried by the main body frame, vpivoted stabilizing planes mounted adjacent each end or the supporting planes, a stabilizing plane mounted on each side of the tail frame adjacent its `rear end, an'adjustable connec`- tion between the stabilizers on each side of the machine *connecting them in pairs,

Weights i'or controlling the action of each pair oi".- stabilizers by gravity, and a lever mechanism for manually operatin'g'the pairs j f of stabilizers manually and ,independently Y ofeachother.'4 ,i 0.

7.' inl aeroplane comprising amam body frame and a tail frame, supporting planes 'carried by the main body iframe, pivoted Vstabilizing planes mounted adjacent each end oi? the supporting planes, a stabilizing plane mounted on each side of the tail :Frame i adjacent its rear end, an adjustable connection between the stabilizers on each side of.

the machine, Weights for controlling the action oi the stabilizers by gravity, a lever "mechanism Afor operating the stabilizers'I manually, and means for throwing; the man4 nal control into and out ot operation.

stabilizing plane pivotally carried at each 8; lin aeroplane comprising'a main body ytrame, a supporting plane carried thereby, a i z end of the supporting1 plane, manual means "f for operating' the stabilizing plane, a loot cperatedmeans for engaging" and disengaging; the manually operated means with the stabilizing' planes, and a gravity means tor operating said plane independently of the manual operated means.

9. 'An aeroplane comprisingr a main body fr-aine, a supporting plane carried "thereby, a

stabilizing plane plvotally carried at each end of the supporting plane, manual means for operating the stabilizing plane, a foot n operated eccentric means for engaging and disengaging the 'manually operated means 'with the stabilizing planes, and a gravity means for operating said plane independ- .ently of the manual operated means.

l0. An aeroplane comprising a main body fframe, a supporting plane carried thereby, a

disengaging the manually operated means with the stabilizing planes, a gravity means 15 for operating said plane independently of the manual operated means, and a quadrant for locking the stabilizers in any desire position.

In testimony whereof I have signeolY my 20 name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

DANIEL X. KELLY.

Witnesses: IVALTER C. STEIN, ELIZABETH SGHLIIT. 

